Principles of Health and Social Care Practice in UK

Question: Write an essay on Principles of Health and Social Care Practice in UK? Answer: Introduction The health and social care practice is one of the most important aspects of the society. This report highlights various principles and factors related to social care and practice in a holistic way. Moreover, the primary concern of this report is to understand and comprehend the works of various social and health care workers and appreciate their uniqueness (Munn and Winter 2013). The report is composed of four tasks. The first task discusses various principle and values that describe different aspects of health and social care practice. It highlights and emphasizes on various assorted procedures to provide better care for the patients. Moreover, this section also deals with ethical dilemmas and focuses on establishing a better understanding of a person-centred approach to increase the effectiveness of health and social care practice (Aveyard 2014). The second task discusses code of practices that can be implemented to the health and social care practice. Moreover, the practices are focused on relevant policies, regulations and legislations related to the health and social care practice. The third task of this report describes various theories related to the social care practice. The impact of the social process of health and social care practice are also discussed in this section. Furthermore, it also highlights the effectiveness of the inter-professional working method to promote the quality of social care practice. Task four provides a vivid illustration of the roles, accountabilities, duties and responsibilities of the social care providers. Moreover, this section also provides an idea about the personal contribution and implementation of policy concerning the health and social care practice. It also provides a proper recommendation to cater and serve the best social care practices to the patients. The principles of support and practical examples for small group of individuals with learning difficulties The principles and values are considered to be an important factor to discuss the health and social care support. The principles can be regarded as the guide way which can lead an individual towards an appropriate behaviour (Sheldon 2011). On the other hand, the values help an individual to distinguish accurately between morally right and wrong things considering the health and social care support. (Aveyard 2014) There are some core principles of support and values that are required to assist the individuals with learning disability (Wlodkowski 2011). However, the principles are framed from the standpoint of one such person. People with learning disabilities have the full right to live their life like anyone else. Moreover, we need to consider certain factors which are critical for most of the people to consider which are as follows Considering the disabled people as the part of a community Provide them with various opportunities so that they can develop the skill of learning Provide them with their deserved respect and status Last but not the least; the disabled individuals need be treated as an individual (Itkonen et al. 2010). Within the settings of healthcare individuals possess several rights, such as; The right to dignity- In this, the individuals possess the right to safeguard their privacy with in terms of cleanliness and feeding, e.g. in a dwelling a person must be bathed with the door of the bathroom closed, if the individuals cannot drink and eat appropriately them some arrangements should be made for that. The right to dignity: refers to the manner a person is spoken to not humiliating him/her in any way. The right to choice: The persons should be incorporated in making decisions about their care such as what foodstuff they want to consume, what type of treatments they desire to have. The right to independence: The persons should be permitted as well as encouraged to perform as a good deal for themselves as probable The right to safety: The Care providers must ensure the safety and protect the individuals from harm (Tambuyzer, Pieters and Van 2014). Procedures for defending clients, colleagues and patients from harm The primary objective of the healthcare unit is to promote and maintain a safe health and social care setting. The employers of the healthcare setting are required to provide a safeguard to the patients and staffs. Firstly, the organizations need to identify the risk factors that are prevalent in a workplace (Pope and Vasquez 2010). However, the risk factors can be classified into various types which include psychological harm, physical harm, emotional harm or financial harm. Moreover, the Current National Health Service passed a new policy which encourages the social and healthcare workers to follow a strict regulation to avoid the risks (Kanzler et al. 2013). Moreover, the care workers need to abide by the rules and regulations to maintain a good health care service inside the social care setting. They need to follow every safety standards carefully so that they can prevent any harm to the patients, clients and colleagues. However, it is tough to handle the mentally ill patients, a nd the care providers need to provide them with more psychological support and supervision. On the other hand, it has also been observed that managing the patients susceptible to emotional harm is very much difficult (Parahoo 2014). The care providers need to assess these emotionally fragile patients and provide them with proper psychological care through friendly behaviour and affection. These types of patients are found to be suffering from less social bonding and traumatized family relationship (Reamer 2012). They have unpleasant experience about their life, and sometimes they become very much aggressive. There are two possibilities that a social care provider can follow to save the patients from any emotional harm. Firstly, the social caretaker needs to be very friendly and loving with the patient and secondly proper medications need to be delivered to them in time (Nystrup, Larsen and Risor 2010). Moreover, the caregivers need to assist the clients and help them in handling the ir stuff and tasks. On the other hand, care workers also need to protect their colleagues from any possible harm. It can be considered that working in health and social care setting is very much difficult and risky at the same time (Riley 2014). If any kind of negative things happens in a healthcare setting it would adversely affect the job. Hence, it is very much important to follow the health and safety policies inside the healthcare environment. The safety of patient is a vital and essential factor of eminence nursing care. Though the healthcare system of the nation is prone to harms and errors, and could be detrimental to the care of patient which is safe, consequently of basic flaws of the system. A diversity of stakeholders, professional associations, and legislative as well as government bodies are liable for making sure the care of the patient is delivered safely and no harm takes place in the settings of healthcare. These stakeholders are responsible to address the safety of the patient in the perspective of shortage of nursing is discussed, and they need to take specific actions and should continue to participate and promote the activities of healthcare effectively (Omachonu and Einspruch 2010). Furthermore, the care workers should try to put into practice certain devices and flow buddy system to deal with clients facing complex problems. In addition, this advancement would also make the job very easy, and it would also save a bulk amount of time (Munn and Winter 2013). However, it is preferable to visit clients with aggressive and violent behaviour with other colleagues. This will help the social care workers to avoid any kind of aggression and harm. Moreover, the caregivers need to handle the situation very tactfully when they face any kind of verbal abuse from any clients or patients during the service hour (Appleby 2013). Brief explanation of the benefits of adopting a person-centred approach in health and social care Person-centred approach and planning is an umbrella term which is referred to various techniques implemented to help people seeking social care services. The person-cantered approach is an important aspect of providing the best health and social care to the patients. However, this model is widely based on the remedial works of Carl Rogers (Manley, Hills and Marriot 2011). The model is highly focused on protecting the rights of the clients and patients. The model also helps the social workers to make a decision to meet the requirements of the clients and the patients (Kelly 2010). Moreover, this is a widely tested model which has found to be very effective in increasing the satisfaction level of the clients and patients (McCormack, Dewing and McCance 2011). The essential meaning of person-centred approach is to provide the clients and patients with every basic needs and preference. The social workers need to focus on clients demands and needs and providing optimum care according to these requirements (Cooper et al. 2013). Under this model, the care worker needs to cater the service and fulfil the wishes of the clients and patients. Moreover, it also helps the caregivers to assess the psychological, mental and emotional health properly (Mezzich et al. 2010).However, this model requires a proper coordination and cooperation between the service providers and caregivers. This person-centred model also takes care of the personal preferences of the client which brings immense satisfaction to their mind (Murphy, Duggan and Joseph 2013). Several researches have revealed that person-centred care possesses a large impact with respect to the quality of care. It leads to the improvement of the experience of the individuals and assist them to feel satisfied in an efficient manner. It encourages individuals to lead a healthy lifestyle and perform exercises and eat a healthy diet. It influences individuals to get involved in making decisions regarding their care with the intention that they are provided with support and services that are suitable for their own needs. It possesses an impact on the health outcomes of the individuals. It helps in boosting confidence in the individuals in terms of the care they receive from the professionals of healthcare (Murphy, Duggan and Joseph 2013). Person-centred approach is not merely about providing the individuals whatever they desire or supplying information (Reeves et al. 2011). It is associated with the individuals lifestyles, desires, situations of the family, values and social conditions; considering the individual as a person, and working in association to develop suitable solutions. Being sympathetic, thinking regarding objects from the individuals viewpoint and being reverent are all vital. This may be revealed by means of sharing decisions with the patients and assisting the individuals to manage their health, but it is not just about the activities. It involves the thinking of the patients and professionals regarding the care and the associations as the real services available (Munn and Winter 2013). This person-centred model is considered as the central pillar while treating patients with learning disabilities. Various mental codes are often used to implement the person-centred model for the people with learning disabilities. Firstly, it should consider that each individual who is facing learning disability has inner strength and ability to share their preferences. Moreover, they can also make choices for themselves (Barnett et al. 2012). The social caregivers should also consider the options and preferences of the disabled individual and try to cater them to their requirements. Thirdly, the social workers need to play with them and try to teach various aspects of the life by pedagogy and various other techniques. This includes teaching the patients number system with the help of hand gestures, showing them pictures and videos to teach them about different animals, imitate voices to help them learn about various objects, etc. (McCance, McCormack and Dewing 2011). Fourthly, profe ssionally trained staffs and doctors should be appointed for making the proper plan to deliver the patient centred care to the client. Moreover, the treatment needs to be carried out in an environment with maximum independence to the patient and install a community connection and improve the quality of life within the healthcare setting. Moreover, the individuals cultural background needs to be recognized before proceeding with the person-centred model (Finset 2011). Ethical dilemmas conflicts that have to be dealt with by care workers while providing care, support protection to their service users. Sometimes the providers of care face situations which are extremely ambiguous for them. It is necessary for the providers of care to maintain the policies and rules of the organization every time but for the welfare of the clients in a number of circumstances they are unable to put into practice. Ethical dilemmas are produced in these types of conditions. At times disagreements may possibly take place in view, principle and culture among the providers of care as well as users of service. The service of health and social care might get affected by this disagreement and the superiority of health as well as social care can be hindered by it (Thielke et al. 2012). If individuals are mature then according to the act they possesses the right to make their personal choices. Sometimes the users of the services users take insignificant decision such as occasionally they refuse to take the medicine. But for gaining their health back or come back to their normal life, it is extremely essential for them to take medication on a regular basis. On the other hand, the providers of care are obliged to abide by and respect the decision of the client. Consequently, the providers of care have to face ethical quandary (Ward et al. 2012). The Care providers will be liable, if something happens to the patients. If the patients dont want to take medicine, they cannot force them to take medicine. In the centers of health and social care, this type of situation is extremely common. It is not possible for the care providers to do nothing and allow a patient to expire in their presence. Dealing with such types of situations is extremely complex. For the workers of he alth and social care to simply stand and not doing anything is strongly in opposition to the moral values (Murphy, Duggan and Joseph 2013). Execution of legislations, code of practices and regulations which are pertinent in social and health care practice To provide the best quality of social care service, the institute and healthcare setting is required to follow various social care practices, regulations and legislations following the local and national policies. Moreover, the professionals and social workers need to obey the laws and rules to conduct the health and social care services properly to gain customer loyalty (Melnyk and Fineout 2011). On the other hand, the management needs to carry out surveillance to evaluate that the workers are following the rules and regulations correctly or not. Employees need to follow the Data Protection Act so that no information about the patient and client gets disclosed to any third party. However, according to the data protection act, it is permissible to share the data and information of the client only to an authentic and reliable source (Klein et al. 2010). Apart from this, the social workers workforce needs to follow the Control of Substance Hazardous to Health Regulation (COSHHR) Act in order to sustain a healthy working environment. This act restricts the social workers from using unwanted medications (with illegal chemical compositions) for their patients with learning disability (WHO 2015). Apart from this, other types of chemicals like detergents, bleaching agents need to be locked down so that no patient gets access to it (Hughes and Ferrett 2012). The medicines and other medical related tools and equipment are also required to get locked down so that no patients get reach. Moreover, the social workers have the prime duty to look and analyse the matter that proper safety regulation policy is maintained within the healthcare setting (Bayne, Carr and Goosey 2015). They need to inform the management if any kind of unwanted and suspicious activity within the healthcare setting (Hoek and Jones 2011). The management, on the other hand, has the responsibility to spread awareness about the Act and regulations among the clients and patients. They need to stick signs and warning boards in the health and social care centres to make the patients and colleagues aware of the safety issues. The workers and management need to ensure that the fire exits and pathways remain mess free and clean every time (Finset 2011). Or else, unclean environment spread more diseases, and it is also unhygienic. Moreover, the staffs and employees need to be given proper training and lesson session about the laws and regulations, legislations and policies before hiring them for the work (WHO 2015). However, various acts and policies need to be taken care by the management and the working staff. The Health and Social Care 2012 is one of the most important legislations that are guiding this particular sector within the United Kingdom (Pollock et al. 2012). This legislation is focused on promoting a more patient centred model of care, and it provides greater voices for the patients.Moreover, this particular act is also focused on streamlining the health and social care services to prevent inefficiency among the social workers and healthcare management (Dolgoff and Felstein 2012). Local procedures and policies that are developed according to the policy requirement of the nation The legislation guides are followed intensively in every healthcare setting within the United Kingdom. However, there are certain local and state policies and procedures that are followed in regions with lower socio-economical status (WHO 2015). These amendments are generally made within this socially deprived zone in order to meet the local requirements of the residents. However, there are certain organizations assigned to supervise the local healthcare settings, and they are responsible for reporting the same to the NHS (Ward et al. 2012). However, some of the Local procedures and policies that are prevalent in the United Kingdom are as follows The Nottingham and Nottinghamshire Safeguarding Multi-Agency policy states that individuals who are suffering from learning disabilities should enjoy the same rights as the other people. Moreover, they should obtain special treatment and care from the agencies with full respect and dignity (Williams 2011). The Leicester County passed a policy of Valuing People which was published in the Department of Health. This policy emphasized on delivering rights, choice, independence and inclusion to the people who are suffering from Learning disabilities. This system helps the local population to have access to comprehensive and high quality health and social care services (Bhaumik, Tyrer and Ganghadaran 2011). Lancashire Learning Disability Consortium (LLDC) is an organisation working in Lancashire county that is working with NHS providers in order to cater best social and healthcare to those people who are suffering from learning disability. Moreover, the Lancashire County have issued living wage' for the people with learning disabilities. These wages help the patients to pursue their treatments in renowned healthcare settings (Barnes 2010). These policies are made in such a way that follows every rule and regulations of the National Government of the United Kingdom. Impact of the policy, regulations, legislations and codes of practices It has been observed that the policies, laws and the code of practices induce a profound effect on the social and health care practice. Moreover, these reforms are made in such a way that it helps both the practitioners and clients and provide them with guidance for improving their practices (Ward et al. 2012). On the other hand, the legislations and regulations provide the social care workers with proper guidelines and insist them on following the same. Nevertheless, it is very much tough for the health and social care centres to formulate their own policies without the intervention of Government laws and regulations (Pollock et al. 2012). Moreover, the policies, regulations, legislations and code of practices provide an ethical and organized working environment for the caregivers and clients. Hence, it helps the organization to run smoothly without any hiccups and serious conflicts (Williams 2011). Moreover, it helps the employees to respect the laws and orients them to work accord ing to the rules and regulations of the policy and legislation. If an employee is found to breach any of this reform, then he/she faces an enormous fine with a risk of even losing the job. However, an employee can ask his higher authority if he/she is facing any kind of confusion and dilemma regarding the rules and regulations of the policy. The management of the organization and the policy maker is liable to remove the confusion of his/her employee (Bhaumik, Tyrer and Ganghadaran 2011). Both employers and employees are responsible for following the regulations and rules of the authority. If anyone is found to fail in obeying all the reforms, then he/she is liable to get punishment. Theories that underpin the social and healthcare practices In context to the present report, it can be stated that certain theories can be implemented for health and social care practices. Therefore, in order to apply the principles associated with the various health and social care practices, various factors needs to be understood. The various factors include understanding the individual's need, various events and the processes in order to concentrate on the associated theories. Thus, in order to promote a healthy lifestyle and achieve high levels of physical, social, spiritual, mental, social and emotional fitness for the service users, the associated theories assist in developing an effective plan that helps in achieving the goals for implementation of the effective theories (Healy 2014). Out of many such theories, one of the most critical theories associated with health and social care is the Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Maslow's hierarchy theory primarily emphasizes on the human needs. In this particular theory, human needs are divided into several levels and the basic needs are considered as the first priority (Block 2011). According to the given theory, a man cannot move to the next level without fulfilling the expectations at the bottom level. Thus, it can be clearly stated in Maslow's hierarchy theory, physiological and physical needs are considered as the core and fundamental needs. Love and belongingness, security and safety, self-actualization and self-esteem is therefore considered to the next level. Hence, this theory is primarily implemented in making service and care plan for a particular service user (Thielke et al. 2012). Another famous approach that can be implemented in context to the health and social care is the theory of Human growth and development. This theory primarily states that different caring and help is needed in various stages of human growth. Thus, it can be stated that in accordance with the age, growth and development, care and service is changed. Following behaviour, stress management and social processes other theories are implemented in case of health and social acre centres (Thompson 2015). Thus, it can be stated that these theories play a crucial role concerning health and social care setting. Service workers have to deal with different kind of people in context to a health and social care setting. Hence, in order to understand the behaviour of the service users and their attitudes, the theories plays a significant role (Swanwick 211). For assisting quick recovery of patients from various illness and stress, care workers efficiently take care of their patients. Thus in order to provide better services, the service users need to develop an insight knowledge regarding the roles and responsibilities of the service users, policies of the organization and efficient management of the patients and their behaviours (Baldwin, Cave and Lodge 2012). Scrutinizing the social processes and how its impact on the social and healthcare service users In a society, societal procedures play a fundamental role. The conduct of individuals, their response to situations and process of adjustment to diverse conditions are influenced as well as at times established by it. The approach of individuals thoughts, actions, and their preference of existence are significantly influenced by it (Barnett et al. 2012). In order to make sure the efficacy of the intervention, the preparation and expansion of the strategies of health and social care considers societal procedures. The services of Health and social care must be applied in a different way for it to be effectual, for the reason that different individuals from diverse cultures respond in their own way to the situations of the similar nature. The manner of Perceiving a definite behavior by individuals is affected by societal procedures. Due to pressure of the peers regarding the groups, populace feels right and recognizes with, those individual choice to detrimental practices such consumption of alcohol and smoking of cigarettes (Baldwin, Cave and Lodge 2012). The cultures which engage piercing and tattooing, needle born and blood borne infections are widespread among them. They are bound to carry out these things in their culture; therefore it is not easy to rapidly alter these perilous practices. Because of the cultural traits, a number of care workers may possibly support one user of the service as compared to the other. Every service user must be treated similarly as well as fairly; therefore creating preference in treatment is iniquitous (Melnyk and Fineout 2011). It can be also stated that people with learning disabilities also have difficulty with social skills. Thus, it can be indicated that the learning disability people represents a heterogeneous class of person. And as a result of this, the particular difficulties that are experienced by people with learning disabilities vary widely from one person to another (Omachonu and Einspruch 2010). Thus, it can also be stated that the findings of the data summarizing group often leads to masking of the reality that is experienced by some. Considering one culture superior to the other, it can be clearly stated that culture may remain as the root of discrimination in accordance with the certain workplace. Thus, due to the cultural inequalities, it may be indicated that some care workers may favour one service user than the other. Hence, it is stated that all service users shall need to be treated in fairly and equal manner ion such a way no favouritism is created in the treatment process (Tambuyzer , Pieters and Van 2014). Assessing the inter-professional working and evaluating its effectiveness Where in the practices of health and social care, the providers of health care work in collaboration with other providers of health care from other fields in an associated and permanent basis is known as inter-professional working. All the professionals of healthcare may be incorporated in it, whose expertise should be implicated in the care plan (Finset 2011). In support of health as well as social care it envelops all features of the needs of the service user and smoothes the progress of health workers to effort as a team. It assists to construct the care plan continuously and to reduce hindrances in the service (Dolgoff and Felstein 2012). Approximately in all the facets of health care, it can efficiently meet the requirements of the users of the service, and will possibly support the holistic advancement to wellbeing. Optimistic and reliable working association among workers as well as users of service is promoted by it (Murphy, Duggan and Joseph 2013). Thus, for health and social health care providers who are primarily dealing with people learning disabilities needs to cover all the aspects of the service users needs which involve understanding of the various processes including thinking ability, reasoning, cognition and perception. Thus, this helps the health care providers to work as a team and thus helps in implementing effective care to the people (Reeves et al. 2011). Meeting the requirements of the health users would promote in undertaking a holistic approach to health and particularly for improving the health of the people suffering from learning disabilities. Therefore, it encouraged to establish a productive and trustworthy relationship between the service providers and patients (Reeves et al. 2011). Responsibilities, duties and accountabilities required to work with the social and healthcare setting from inside or outside the organization The role of a carer is to provide a therapeutic and conductive environment within a social healthcare setting. Moreover, a relationship adorned with trust and honesty is very much expected as most of the time the service user stays with the caregivers. On the other hand, care providers act as the support system for the care user. This entire relationship helps the organization to maintain a healthy functioning. Furthermore, the caregivers are responsible for maintaining animosity of the patient. Moreover, the care provider is also responsible for analysing and supervising whether the needs and requirement of the patients are met or not. Adding to this, they are also responsible for providing the patient with proper care and ensuring client's satisfaction. The caregivers are also responsible for serving the physical needs of the patients which include feeding, hygiene and exercises. On the other hand, the management team and co-workers in the healthcare environment are very much liable for ensuring security and health safety to its clients and patients. Furthermore, the financial and emotional interest of the client is also required to be protected considering the ethical viewpoint. Evaluating own contribution to the implementation and development of the organizational policy To ensure that the employees and staff are working in a system which runs smoothly and to follow the organizational policy of the institutions is essential. For the intention of reducing the confusion and delusion, it needs to construct organizational policies comprehensible and uncomplicated Bhaumik, Tyrer and Ganghadaran 2011). By means of the improvement and execution of policies, the contributions of the care providers will add much, since they are largely affected by it. A superior workforce will be developed, if the personnel obey and stick with the policy of the organization. It is essential to assess the policy for the reason that if noncompliance of the policy of organization is common and takes place recurrently, then it assists to find out which feature of the policy is the most important cause of noncompliance among workers, consequently the policy might need to alter or to improve (Ward et al. 2012). Moreover, every documentation and paperwork should be maintained to avoid any kind of controversies. Apart from this primary emphasis on legal and organisational requirements on diversity, equality, rights, discrimination and confidentiality is needed to be maintained. Recommendations for good practices in social healthcare There is a need to gain sufficient knowledge regarding the code of practice through the general health council, to meet the requirements of a good practice. By gaining appropriate knowledge the individuals can determine whether they are following the national policies along with the standards or not and they moreover assess themselves and their performance. The providers of care should also take the national and local policies into consideration. Following general rules along with the regulations, as well as legislation in the practice of health and social care as well as rules set up by the organization, is necessary for us (Murphy, Duggan and Joseph 2013). Subsequently, the individuals can improve themselves in their practice by getting involved in trainings and additional learning in this area. In order to perform in an improved way and to continue with rapidity and dynamic alterations in this field, the professionals of healthcare need to keep themselves updated with the recent information about practices of health and social care (Healy 2014). Conclusion Everyone in this society would visit the healthcare setting some day or the other. Hence, the importance of a health and social care setting should be always kept in mind. On the other, care workers should be considered as the essential part of this environment as they are playing a vital role in providing the patient with proper care and service. They also play the major role in helping the patients and clients to overcome their illness. However, the care workers need to abide by the rules, regulations and policy of the organization. Moreover, it should be kept in mind that various illness and common illness can be cured with the help of social care providers. 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